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Python 正则表达式

spring发布于 2017-10-24 09:42查看:1676

元字符

“.” ：通配符,除换行符外的任意的1个字符

“\\” : 转义符

“[…]” : 字符集合，匹配里面的任意一个元素

“\\d” : 数字

“\\D” : 非数字

“\\s” ：空白字符、 \\t、\\r、\\n、空格

“S” :非空白字符

“\\w” ：单个的数字和字母，[A-Za-z0-9]

“\\W”:非单词字符,除数字和字母外

数量词

“*” ：0次或多次

（ 乘0会变成0）

“+” ：1次或多次

（ 加0不会变成0）

“?” ：0次或1次，match,search 不会出现none，会出现’ ‘ （因为0次也是符合的）

0次或1次不是指[xxx]这个集合，而是其中的任何的一个字符

“数量词?” ：非贪婪模式：只匹配最少的（尽可能少）；默认贪婪模式：匹配最多的（尽可能多）

“{m}” ：匹配字符串出现m次

“{m,n}” ：匹配字符串出现m到n次

.group() #匹配第一次出现

边界

“^” ：匹配字符串开头或行头

“$” ：匹配字符串结尾或则行尾

“\\A”：匹配字符串开头

“\\Z”：匹配字符串结尾

分组

(…)：分组匹配,从左到右,每遇到一个 ( 编号+1，分组后面可加数量词

<number>：引用编号为<number>的分组匹配到的字符串

“(?P<name>…)” ：在模式里面用()来表示分组（命名分组）,适用于提取目标字符串中的某一些部位。

“(?P=name)”：引用别名为<name>的分组匹配到的串

“<number>” ：引用分组编号匹配：

特殊构造

(?:…) (…)不分组版本,用于使用 | 或者后接数量词
(?iLmsux) iLmsux的每个字符代表一个匹配模式,只能用在正则表达式的开头,可选多个
(?#…) #号后的内容将作为注释
(?=…) 之后的字符串内容需要匹配表达式才能成功匹配
(?!…) 之后的字符串不匹配表达式才能成功
(?(?(?(id/name) yes |no) 如果编号为id/名字为name的组匹配到字符串,则需要匹配yes,否则匹配no,no可以省略

“(?:…)” ：()里面有?:表示该()不是分组

“(?=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配，总是对后面进行匹配

“(?!…)” 不匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配

“(?<=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配

“(?<!…)”：不匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配

“(?(id/name) yes |no)”: 组是否匹配，匹配返回

“(?iLmsux)”:这里就介绍下i参数：大小写区分匹配

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<h2 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 36px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">元字符</h2><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“.” ：通配符,除换行符外的任意的1个字符</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808368552075.png" title="1508808368552075.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\” : 转义符</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808385423856.png" title="1508808385423856.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“[…]” : 字符集合，匹配里面的任意一个元素</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808411926109.png" title="1508808411926109.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\d” : 数字</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808492116222.png" title="1508808492116222.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\D” : 非数字</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808515877896.png" title="1508808515877896.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\s” ：空白字符、 \\t、\\r、\\n、空格</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808528449888.png" title="1508808528449888.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“S” :非空白字符</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808552671180.png" title="1508808552671180.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\w” ：单个的数字和字母，[A-Za-z0-9]</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808566965407.png" title="1508808566965407.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\W”:非单词字符,除数字和字母外</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808579111261.png" title="1508808579111261.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h2 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 36px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">数量词</h2><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“*” ：0次或多次</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">（ <em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">乘0会变成0</em>）</p><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808626872319.png" title="1508808626872319.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“+” ：1次或多次</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">（ <em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">加0不会变成0</em>）</p><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808639303426.png" title="1508808639303426.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“?” ：0次或1次，match,search 不会出现none，会出现’ ‘ （<em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">因为0次也是符合的</em>）</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">0次或1次不是指[xxx]这个集合，而是其中的任何的一个字符</em></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808655199846.png" title="1508808655199846.png" alt="image.png"/></em></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">“数量词?” ：非贪婪模式：只匹配最少的（尽可能少）；默认贪婪模式：匹配最多的（尽可能多）</span><br/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><em style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></em><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808675631727.png" title="1508808675631727.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“{m}” ：匹配字符串出现m次</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808689280344.png" title="1508808689280344.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">“{m,n}” ：匹配字符串出现m到n次</span><br/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808702180074.png" title="1508808702180074.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">.group() #匹配第一次出现</strong><br/></p><h2 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 36px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">边界</h2><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“^” ：匹配字符串开头或行头</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808717241956.png" title="1508808717241956.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;">“$” ：匹配字符串结尾或则行尾</span><br/></p><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808736181631.png" title="1508808736181631.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\A”：匹配字符串开头</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808753661608.png" title="1508808753661608.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“\\Z”：匹配字符串结尾</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808773160560.png" title="1508808773160560.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p><br/></p><h2 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 36px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">分组</h2><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(…)：分组匹配,从左到右,每遇到一个 ( 编号+1，分组后面可加数量词</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808797254684.png" title="1508808797254684.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 id="articleHeader38" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><number>：引用编号为<number>的分组匹配到的字符串</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808815216127.png" title="1508808815216127.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 id="articleHeader39" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?P<name>…)” ：在模式里面用()来表示分组（命名分组）,适用于提取目标字符串中的某一些部位。</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808829528940.png" title="1508808829528940.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?P=name)”：引用别名为<name>的分组匹配到的串</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808873821979.png" title="1508808873821979.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 id="articleHeader41" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“<number>” ：引用分组编号匹配：</h3><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808954188955.png" title="1508808954188955.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h2 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 36px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">特殊构造<br/></h2><p style="border: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", 宋体, "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(?:…) (…)不分组版本,用于使用 | 或者后接数量词<br/>(?iLmsux) iLmsux的每个字符代表一个匹配模式,只能用在正则表达式的开头,可选多个<br/>(?#…) #号后的内容将作为注释<br/>(?=…) 之后的字符串内容需要匹配表达式才能成功匹配<br/>(?!…) 之后的字符串不匹配表达式才能成功<br/>(?(?(?(id/name) yes |no) 如果编号为id/名字为name的组匹配到字符串,则需要匹配yes,否则匹配no,no可以省略</p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?:…)” ：()里面有?:表示该()不是分组</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508808988225009.png" title="1508808988225009.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配，总是对后面进行匹配</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809010801218.png" title="1508809010801218.png" alt="image.png"/></p><p><br/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?!…)” 不匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809024494536.png" title="1508809024494536.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 id="articleHeader46" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?<=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809055758654.png" title="1508809055758654.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 id="articleHeader47" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?<!…)”：不匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809070308371.png" title="1508809070308371.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?(id/name) yes |no)”: 组是否匹配，匹配返回</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809305467606.png" title="1508809305467606.png" alt="image.png"/></p><h3 style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 30px; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Myriad Pro", Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“(?iLmsux)”:这里就介绍下i参数：大小写区分匹配</h3><p><img src="/Public/forum/ueditor/image/20171024/1508809323357380.png" title="1508809323357380.png" alt="image.png"/></p>
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Python 正则表达式

元字符

“.” ：通配符,除换行符外的任意的1个字符

“\\” : 转义符

“[…]” : 字符集合，匹配里面的任意一个元素

“\\d” : 数字

“\\D” : 非数字

“\\s” ：空白字符 、 \\t、\\r、\\n、空格

“S” :非空白字符

“\\w” ：单个的 数字和字母，[A-Za-z0-9]

“\\W”:非单词字符,除数字和字母外

数量词

“*” ：0次或多次

“+” ：1次或多次

“?” ：0次或1次，match,search 不会出现none，会出现’ ‘ （因为0次也是符合的）

“{m}” ：匹配字符串出现m次

边界

“^” ：匹配字符串开头或行头

“\\A”：匹配字符串开头

“\\Z”：匹配字符串结尾

分组

(…)：分组匹配,从左到右,每遇到一个 ( 编号+1，分组后面可加数量词

<number>：引用编号为<number>的分组匹配到的字符串

“(?P<name>…)” ：在模式里面用()来表示分组（命名分组）,适用于提取目标字符串中的某一些部位。

“(?P=name)”：引用别名为<name>的分组匹配到的串

“<number>” ：引用分组编号匹配：

特殊构造

“(?:…)” ：()里面有?:表示该()不是分组

“(?=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配，总是对后面进行匹配

“(?!…)” 不匹配…表达式，返回。对后进行匹配

“(?<=…)”：匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配

“(?<!…)”：不匹配…表达式，返回。对前进行匹配,总是对前面进行匹配

“(?(id/name) yes |no)”: 组是否匹配，匹配返回

“(?iLmsux)”:这里就介绍下i参数：大小写区分匹配

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“\\s” ：空白字符、 \\t、\\r、\\n、空格

“\\w” ：单个的数字和字母，[A-Za-z0-9]

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